Eficiência e tecnologia na agricultura paulista entre 1985 e 2001

Abstract

The agriculture of São Paulo State, Brazil, has been increased its productivity and in some years of the 90’s the increasing was the double of average for the all country. The objective of this paper is to measure the factors total productivity (FTP) of cotton, rice, bean, corn and soybean on São Paulo State, for the period of 1985 to 2001. Specifically, it is checked if the increasing on productivity for those crops came from gains in efficiency or technological change and if there are differences between the periods separated by the brazilian economy opening, occurred in 1990. This study is based on the technical efficiency measure with output orientation and it is applied the Data Envelopment Analysis as analytical method. The results show that the increasing on productivity occurred because both gains in efficiency and technological change. The technological change had more influence on the second period, mainly for exportables crops. It was concluded that the commercial opening occurred in 1990 had a positive influence on factors total productivity of the agriculture of São Paulo State.