Alteração na perfusão sanguínea uterina promovida pela ozonioterapia intrauterina em bovinos hígidos

Abstract

This study proposes to evaluate changes in uterine blood perfusion promoted by intrauterine ozone therapy in healthy cattle, assessing the safety and feasibility of using this therapeutic alternative by evaluating uterine vascularization and endometrial polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell count. Synchronization of the reproductive cycle was performed in all animals (D-7 to D0), with the administration of estradiol benzoate (D-7), progesterone, and sodium cloprostenol (D5). After five days, sample collection began (D0). The animals were included in a crossover experimental model, divided into a control group (uterine infusion with saline solution) and a treatment group (uterine infusion with ozonated saline solution, concentration of 50μg/mL), carried out at 0h. Evaluation of vaginal discharge score (VDS) and endometrial cytology for PMN count were performed at the beginning and end of each experimental period (0h and 72h).Doppler ultrasound evaluations were performed to assess uterine vascularization (0h, 02h, 04h, 24h, and 72h). After the end of the first experimental period, the females were synchronized and resubmitted to the collection protocol, with the treatment received reversed. The animals remained free of subclinical endometritis during the experimental period, and there was no group x time interaction (P=0.07) in PMN concentration. In the characterization of VDS, there was no difference in the frequency distribution of animals in each score (1-5) between the groups (treatment or control) at 0h (P=0.20) and 72h (P=0.70). A transient increase in uterine vascularization was observed in the treated group at 0h and 2h, remaining elevated until 4h after treatment (P<0.04). This increase promoted greater uterine vascularization in the treatment group at 2h (P<0.02) and 24h (P<0.03). There was also a group effect (P<0.04), where the treatment group showed greater uterine vascularization over time after infusion. These findings may be explained by the increased blood supply caused by the potential local therapeutic stressor and vasodilator effect of ozone in reduced doses. No side effects were observed during the experimental period that would compromise the safety and applicability of this therapy in cattle. This contributes to the implementation of ozone therapy in large animal clinical practice and the reduction of indiscriminate use of antibiotics in animal production.