Avaliação de leveduras para produção de y-decalactona

Abstract

The aromatic compounds are present in many industrial products which confer flavor and aroma, whereas most of these are produced by chemical synthesis or extraction from plants. These processes, however, have some disadvantages such as racemic mixtures, more stages, geographical problems, low yield and high cost. Such disadvantages associated with the new trend of consumers for natural products, causes the microbial fermentation to be considered an alternative and potential way to produce these compounds. Microorganisms as yeasts have been described due to production of several aromatic compounds, including γ-decalactone, through its secondary metabolism. Lactones such as γ-decalactone are widely used in foods, beverages, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals due to the aroma peach fruity very characteristic. This can be obtained by biotransformation of ricinoleic acid via β-oxidation peroximal of yeast. In this context, numerous studies have described the Yarrowia lipolytica. The main challenge of biotechnology in the production of flavorings is to identify economically viable forms for application in industries. In order to have a competitive microbial production it is necessary a low production cost and high yield of the product. Therefore, the aims of this work were to seek alternative substrates as crude glycerol and also assess the potential of new genres like Lindnera for higher production of γ-decalactone and lower process cost.Moreover, to obtain products with high added value and to reduce environmental problem. Two yeasts (Yarrowia lipolytica UFLA CM-Y9.4 and Lindnera saturnus UFLA CES-Y677) were tested at different concentrations (10, 20 and 30%) of two substrates (castor oil and crude glycerol) for the production of γ-decalactone. It was evaluated cell viability, pH, of γ-decalactone production and consumption of crude glycerol. It was observed interaction between the analyzed parameters. The maximum of γ-decalactone (3 g/L) produced from the biotransformation of castor oil was by UFLA Y. lipolytica CM-Y9.4 in concentrations of 10 and 20%.When the carbon source was crude glycerol, the maximum value achieved was 5 g/L of γ - decalactone by the yeasts Y. lipolytica UFLA CM-Y9.4 and L. saturnus UFLA CES-Y677 in the concentrations of 10 and 20 % crude glycerol respectively, where the L. saturnus UFLA CES-Y677 showed higher production generally. It was observed that the crude glycerol is an alternative substrate for the production of γ-decalactone showing better results compared to castor oil, and that new specie L. saturnus UFLA CES-Y677 has high potential for higher production of γ-decalactone from crude glycerol, decreasing the cost of the process and solving an environmental problem.