Estratégias de controle de doenças e maximização do potencial produtivo na cultura da soja bem como a viabilidade econômica de aplicações

Abstract

Soy is currently the main product of Brazilian agribusiness. However, to obtain maximum productivity, there are several factors that can interfere, with the crop being highly influenced by management, as well as by predictable and unpredictable environmental factors. Thus, in the 2020/2021 crop year, an experiment was carried out with the objective of verifying the interaction that diseases and sowing times have in relation to maximizing the productive potential of the soybean crop. At the Technological and Scientific Development Center at UFLA, the experiment was carried out in three sowing times, 10/15, 11/15 and 12/15, with the commercial cultivar NS 7709IPRO. The design used was a double factorial in randomized complete blocks, consisting of three replications. The first factor was constituted by three fungicide management strategies, and the factor two was the sowing dates, totaling 39 experimental plots per sowed period. Each strategy has four commercial fungicides, Elatus®, Ativum®, Fox Xpro® and Versarya®, in addition to the control. The strategies differ according to the phenological stage in which the fungicides were applied, the first with four applications at stages V8, R1, R1+14 days and R1+28 days. Strategy two, applications being made from R1, R1+14 and R1+28 days and strategy three in V8, R1 and R1+14 days. For both sowing dates, the strategy that received a greater number of applications showed higher yields and greater disease control, as well as greater weight of a thousand grains. A very important feature about treatments is their economic relationship, and the strategy used is of paramount importance for maximizing profit in the crop. For the fungicides used, through the stability analysis, it appears that the commercial fungicide Elatus® is considered more stable regardless of the management strategy and sowing time.