Técnicas inovadoras na produção de mudas de café por sementes e estacas

Abstract

The production of quality seedlings is important factor for the development of coffee growing, the innovative production and cloning techniques can help genetic improvement and quality of the seedlings. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the seedlings production of Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora in different production systems and containers. In order to monitor the growth of seedlings, leaf permanence, number of shoots and cuttings survival were evaluated weekly. At the end of the seedling production process, growth (height, stem diameter, total number of leaf pairs, leaf area, root area, dry matter weight of the aerial part and root), physiological characteristics (chlorophyll content a, total b and stomatal conductance) and anatomical (scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis) were analyzed. Coffea arabica L. cuttings, produced in a modified hydroponic system has greater growth and better anatomical and physiological characteristics than those produced in a greenhouse with a nebulization system. Coffea canephora stem cuttings, using tubettes of 50 or 120 cm3, present in a modified hydroponic system a higher survival rate of cuttings, in addition to greater growth and better anatomical and physiological characteristics than those produced in nurseries. Coffea arabica seedlings, produced by seeds, present the best development in a production innovative system of coffee seedlings in modified hydroponics in combination with the use of polyethylene bags as containers.