Desenvolvimento de protótipo de célula para produção de carvão vegetal

Abstract

In the production of coal production model should provide proper working condition, reducing the use of hand labor and qualifying employees constantly looking to establish strategies for reducing the cycle time of carbonization, without changing the yield and quality of produced reducing bio. This study aimed to develop, test and evaluation of an alternative model of the carbonization kilns for wood, pilot scale, including the construction and testing of a prototype oven. Been proposed structural changes in the kiln body surface usual to facilitate moving operation wood and coal with a modal for mechanized unloading. It was built with a kiln cylinder 6.00 m in diameter, closed by a cap of bricks forming a symmetrical dome. We used solid burnt brick masonry, layered with clay. Was proposed reversal of the uprights of the oven door to be with staggered sides. It was proposed modification in the form of support from the vault on the shirt cylindrical kiln for receiving perpendicularly effort dome per meter. It has been suggested to replace the sill linear tubes by a sill in an arc, using frame angles, rebar latticework and filling with conventional aluminous refractory concrete. Have changed the foothills as pillars for continuous buttresses. We inserted two metal armadillos to increase oxygenation of the carbonization process. Most of the observed variables in the carbonization process was very similar to that observed when using traditional ovens. However, it was observed an increase of 40% in volume charging, which enabled a monthly gain of 34% in volume of charcoal produced. With the mechanization of the unloading of the oven there was 44% reduction in manpower, staff from 46 to 26. Reducing the number of units required for 5.000 m³ coal / month, there was a 20% gain in investment assemblies UPCs, decreasing from 96 to 48 units kilns.