Tradução e adaptação transcultural para a população brasileira de um questionário para avaliação da qualidade de vida de pacientes em terapia nutricional enteral domiciliar

Abstract

Quality of life is understood as the way the human beings perceive their lifestyle, goals, expectations, norms, criteria and concerns, all mediated by daily activities, physical health, psychological state, degree of independence, social relationships, environmental factors and personal beliefs. This way, specific standardized questionnaires are used to assess the quality of life of patients receiving Home Enteral Nutrition (HEN) and to verify whether this promotes good quality of life for these patients. However, there are no such questionnaires available in Portuguese that assess the quality of life of patients receiving HEN. Thus, the objective of this project was to perform a translation to Portuguese and a cross-cultural adaptation of a questionnaire that assesses the quality of life of patients receiving HEN. The procedures for translation and adaptation of the questionnaire consisted of the following steps: translation of the Spanish version into Portuguese by two translator (T1 e T2), a synthesis of these two translations (version T1.2), a back translation (BT1 and BT2), an evaluation of a bilingual (Spanish/Portuguese) committee where changes were made to items where the Content Validity Index (CVI) was < 0.78, thus producing the pre-final version of the questionnaire (T1.3). Semantic equivalence was performed with patients receiving HEN in cancer treatment at the Bom Pastor Hospital Oncology Outpatient Clinic in Varginha, MG, and finally the elaboration of the final version of the questionnaire (T1.4) to be used in the Brazilian population. The results showed that it was possible to obtain a summary version of the questionnaire from the translated versions (T1 and T2), in which all grammatical and cultural inconsistencies were argued and corrected to obtain the synthesis of the translations (T1.2). The back translations (BT1 and BT2) were identical in 73.6% (n=25) of the items and in the others there was compatibility with the original version of the questionnaire, highlighting the continuation of the study. Twenty-four participants were included in the judging committee, where the mean CVI was 0.88 ± 0.11, and 14.7% (n=5) of the questions had a low CVI. In addition, suggestions to improve understanding were accepted in eight other questions for the preparation of the version T1.3. During semantic equivalence, 35.3% (n=12) of the items had low comprehension indices. In the elaboration of the final version (T1.4), the inconsistencies of the previously mentioned items were corrected and/or adapted to better suit the target audience. Thus, after all the previously detailed methodological procedures, it was possible to obtain the version T1.4 to assess the quality of life of patients receiving HEN in the Brazilian population.