Relação entre eficiência econômico-financeira e lucratividade em instituições bancárias brasileiras

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the relationship between economic-financial efficiency and profitability in the Brazilian banking sector. A total of 78 financial institutions operating in Brazil between 2011 and 2015 were analyzed. The financial-economic efficiency of the banking financial institutions was measured using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology, based on the economic-financial indicators that were calculated considering the characteristics of the banking business. In a second moment, the scores found for the DEA application were related to the Net Margin indicator of the banking institutions, using the regression model with panel data. The economic-financial efficiency was significant at 1%, and the positive coefficient indicates that the greater the economic-financial efficiency of the banking institution, the greater its profitability. This result confirms the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between economic-financial efficiency and the profitability of these institutions. The evidence presented contributes to increase the knowledge on the importance of the efficiency for the profitability of the banking financial institutions, generating subsidies to foment the discussion on this subject in the Brazilian scenario.