Efeito de micro e nanopartículas de prata em Physalis peruviana L.

Abstract

In the last years, interest, rapid production, and extensive nanotechnology applications have significantly stimulated the nanomaterials number projected at the environment. However, the relationship between nanomaterials and living organisms in this environment needs to be better investigated. Studies that seek to understand the mechanisms of nanomaterials action on plant homeostasis are necessary in order to characterize the effects that these nanoparticles can have on the environment. In this context, this work aims to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in plant model with potential use in bioassays, Physalis peruviana L. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their characterization were done with and without additional thermal processing, In order to evaluate the temperature action on the AgNPs properties. Analysis of the effects of different silver nanoparticles concentrations (0.39, 0.77, 1.54 mg L -1 ) with and without thermal processing (121 ° C, 1 atm) on germination, root and aerial part growth parameters and in biochemistry (reducing sugars, total soluble sugars, amino acids, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) of Physalis peruviana. It was observed that particles after thermal processing, in comparison with AgNPs without thermal processing, had 2 size types (nano and micrometric). The results demonstrate that the 0.77 and 1.54 mg L -1 concentrations of the treatment with only AgNPs increased the biomass of the aerial part. However, the lower concentration (0.39 mg L -1 ) reduced biomass, root length and some biochemical parameters (total soluble sugars and amino acids). In addition, it was observed that root and shoot dry matter, root water content, total soluble sugars, amino acids and reducing sugars values obtained with AgNPs and AgMPs (silver microparticles) treatment were lower in relation to treatment with only AgNPs, depending on the concentration analyzed. However, for this species under these conditions, it can be concluded that both microparticles and nanoparticles have little or no modification in plant physiology, depending on the treatment analyzed.