Desafios da reforma agrária: diálogos entre a nova condição camponesa e a segurança alimentar no assentamento Dom Osório em Campo Verde/MT

Abstract

In this study the objective was to investigate the peasant families challenges from the settlement Dom Osório located in the municipality of Campo Verde/MT, found to construction of their food security conditions and social reproduction in the context of the "new" peasant condition. For its achievement were combined collection strategies and data analysis and quantitative and qualitative information. Quantitative data were collected through two questionnaires to 48 peasant families. The first, based on the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, it was given the status of food (in)security and the second analyzed the relations of this condition with social, economic, productive and policy characteristics of the families. Quantitative results indicated that most families had no problems with access to food and thus was in a favorable condition of food security. This could be explained, in part, because the main destination for grown food was self-consumption and marketing; some family components works out land parcel; most families received the Housing and Initial Support credits; and accessed public programs as Brazil’s Family Allowance and the Brazilian National Program for Production and Use of Biodiesel (NPPB). These results indicate that NPPB reduced the potential food production on the basis of area occupied, but this did not translate into food insecurity, however, this contradictory situation had a high price: the substantial loss of autonomy. To understand such situation were conducted in-depth interviews with five families whose strategies for constructing their food security and social reproduction conditions were described individually and then analyzed together. The qualitative results of these analyzes showed that families control was low on their resource bases, but nevertheless, production for selfconsumption was one of the main expressions of their survival. This production was flexible to the possibilities that families interpreted, including pluriactivity and "partnership" for soybean delivery to NPPB. However, it became clear that any strategy seeking to reduce dependence was intrinsically linked to the relations established between the resource base and the families survival. Thus, the farming style, the decision on purchase and/or manufacturing inputs, va lue addition for food processing and its marketing pointed other possibilities for families to acquire a relative autonomy. However, as a good part of the “new” peasant condition choreography in the settlement was dependent, in the short term, of the corn achievement linked to the Food Empires, the struggle for autonomy was weakened. In summary, although most families have good food security conditions the biggest challenge for them was to construct their food security conditions and social reproduction more autonomously and re-develop strategies that reduces this dependence.