Absorção de nutrientes em alho vernalizado proveniente de cultura de meristemas cultivado sob doses de nitrogênio

Abstract

In recent years, there was a significant increase in productivity and quality of garlic grown in Brazil. Among the factors that provided this result are the use of noble cultivars, vernalization and utilization of virus-free garlic seeds. However, few are the studies accomplished aiming to evaluate the growth and the nutrients absorption in noble garlic cultivars originated from tissue culture, highly productive in relation to the common garlic cultivars. The objective of this research was to determine the nutrient absorption march of vernalized garlic originated from tissue culture depending on different topdressing nitrogen doses. Treatments consisted of five topdressing nitrogen doses (60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 kg ha-1) and six sampling times (30, 50, 70, 90, 110 and 130 days after planting). The experiment was carried out under field conditions, using the experimental design of randomized blocks in an arrangement of split plots, with four replications. The bulbs of the cultivar Roxo Pérola de Caçador originated from tissue culture (four multiplications in field) used for planting were submitted to the vernalization during 50 days at 4ºC. The growth and development of plants were evaluated at 30, 50, 70, 90, 110 and 130 days after planting date. In addition, plants were collected for the determination of the dry mass and nutrients quantification. No differences in the growth, accumulation of dry matter and bulb development were verified for nitrogen doses applied. The extraction sequence of macronutrients for all evaluated nitrogen levels was: N>K>Ca>S>P>Mg, whereas for micronutrients was Fe>B>Zn>Cu>Mn. The following average nutrient extraction by plants of vernalized garlic (kg/ha) were observed: N= 179.25, P= 19.95, K= 103.54, Ca= 46.84, Mg= 6.98, S= 31.73; and, in g/ha: B= 156.42, Cu= 90.10, Fe= 654.78, Mn= 76.67, Zn= 138.66.