Influência de esterco bovino e calcário sobre o efeito residual da adubação fosfatada para a Brachiaria brizantha cultivada após o feijoeiro

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the most widespread limitations to the establishment and maintenance of pastures in tropical areas. This deficiency is mainly due to the low soil P content and adsorption/precipitation processes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of manure and lime applications on the residual effect of phosphorus applied to common bean on phosphorus nutrition and yield of Brachiaria brizantha grown in succession. Four experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 5 factorial layout with three replications. Each experimental unit consisted of a pot containing 4 dm3 of the following soil: clayey dystrophic Red Latosol (Oxisol), sandy clay loam dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol (Oxisol), sandy loam dystrophic Red-Yellow Latosol (Oxisol), or sandy orthic Quartzarenic Neosol (Quartzpsament). Each soil represented an experiment and was treated with four liming levels (0.0; 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0 times the recommended dose to reach 60 % base saturation) and five doses of cattle manure (0.0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5 and 10.0 % of the soil volume). In each pot, bean plants were grown and harvested and followed by planting of three brachiaria plants, which were cut 70, 160 and 290 days after seedling emergency. Total dry matter productions and P accumulation in the above-ground part of the brachiaria plants were positively influenced by manuring and liming. These treatments influenced positively the residual effect of P fertilizer applied to the bean plants, in terms of P nutrition and production of the succession Brachiaria brizantha crop.