Efeitos do exercício físico aeróbio e resistido sobre a resposta imunológica em camundongos C57BL6/J

Abstract

Exercise performed at moderate intensity can bring numerous benefits to the body, including improvements in the immune system response. The benefits involved or increased cells like monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and CD4 + T lymphocytes, CD8 + T and B lymphocytes, represent an important line of defense against microorganism infections. Already exercising intense and acute, usually causes depression of various aspects of acquired immune function. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize and compare the effects of eight weeks of resistance (ladder) and aerobic (treadmill) training on the in vitro proliferation of T and B lymphocytes initiated from mouse splenocytes. Eighteen C57BL6 / J mice were divided into three groups: sedentary control (n = 6), resistance exercise (ladder) (n = 6) and aerobic exercise (n = 6). Sedentary animals remain without any physical stimulation, while mice from the resistance exercise group underwent climbing sessions and the aerobic exercise group underwent motor training training. Tread speed, such as climbing loads and time / sets in training activities were applied at baseline and after four weeks according to animal performance in increasing load (incremental) testing and load / speed testing. constant (80% of the maximum in the incremental test). The experimental period was 8 weeks of training, with resistance training performed three times a week and aerobic training five times a week. At the end of the experiment, mouse spleens were collected for splenocyte analysis and cell response

evaluation. Splenocytes were labeled with CFSE [5 (6) -carboxyfluorescein diacetate ester N- succinimidyl] and cultured for 3 days without stimulation with PHA (phytohemagglutinin)

(non-specific mitogen) for evaluation of in vitro T lymphocyte proliferation (CD4 + and CD8 +) and B (CD21 / CD35 +) by flow cytometry. After in vitro stimulation with PHA as total cells, CD8 + T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes exhibited superior multiple proliferation (P <0.05; Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn) in the resistance exercise group (ladder) compared to the group sedentary (p <0.05), with the aerobic group remaining at intermediate values. There was no significant difference in any immune parameter between the treadmill and the sedentary group (p> 0.05). Analysis of CD4 + lymphocyte proliferation also showed a tendency for greater response in animals using exercises that were resistant to sedentary exercise (P = 0.07). The work (J) performed in each fatigue test during training was superior in the aerobic group compared to the resistance and sedentary group, demonstrating that the aerobic group underwent more intense training. It was concluded that resistance exercise was able to promote immunological benefits superior to aerobic exercise in mice using two weeks of physical training.