Proteção do cafeeiro contra a mancha aureolada e análises de enzimas envolvidas no metabolismo fenólico e lignina: controle da mancha aureolada do cafeeiro e análises enzimáticas

Abstract

The bacterial halo blight, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae, has been excelling as a major emerging diseases of the coffee tree, causing significant losses both in the field and in nurseries. The control of this disease is hampered due to the inefficiency of pesticides used. Seeking to develop effective and sustainable alternatives in the handling of the the bacterial halo blight of coffee plant, the present study was conducted to assess the control of this disease formulations in field conditions. The objective also select the best treatments and assess your effect on the increased activity of the enzyme phenylalanine amônialiase and peroxidase, and accumulation of lignin in coffee seedlings. The experiment was conducted in 2014/15 and 2015/16, yields at the farm São José, in the municipality of Três Pontas-MG, where was already deployed the crop with the variety Icatú. The treatments were applied: Reforce ® Mn, Reforce ® Cu, Kasumin ® , Greenforce CuCa, Big Red ® , Yantra ® , Fulland ® , Bion ® , and the control without application. In two seasons, were carried out assessments of the severity of the disease and was also rated and productivity. Outstanding treatments to control the disease in field conditions were selected and the application of these in coffee seedlings. The collections were held 0, 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after application of the treatments. In assessing the severity in the two crops evaluated, it was observed that the Big Red ® , Fulland ® , Greenforce CuCa, Yantra ® and Reforce ® Cu treatments provided greater control of the disease and the remaining statistically differing treatments and did not differ among themselves. These treatments showed average 39% control, 2014/15, and harvest of 47%, 2015/16 harvest. Already the treatments Reforce® Mn, Kasumin ® , and Bion ® , provided control around 25%, 2014/15 harvest, and 36% in 2015/16 crop, still significant in relation to the control. In the analysis of productivity, the treatments did not differ statistically between those two crops. Biochemical analyses the product Greenforce CuCa increased the enzyme activity PAL one day after application, Big Red ® , Fulland ® , Greenforce CuCa, Yantra ® , and Reforce ® Cu products increased enzyme activity of POX, Big Red ® , Greenforce CuCa, and Yantra® treatments also increased the concentration of lignin in leaves.