Eficiência agronômica de superfosfato triplo e fosfato natural de Arad em cultivos sucessivos de soja e milho

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of phosphate fertilizer rates on soybean and corn crops, in crop rotation. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Grande Dourados University, in pots with samples of 5.5 dm3 clayey Dystropherric Red Latosol, where the triple superphosphate (TSP) and the Arad rock phosphate (ARP) were used as P source. Two kinds of ARP were used. In one, the total P (Arad T) was considered while in the other, only the P soluble fraction in citric acid at the concentration of 2% (Arad SA) was considered, resulting in three factors of study, each with six levels of P (0, 56, 112, 224, 336, and 560 mg dm-3). The soybean was sowed in December 2006 and in the end of the cycle, the crop was harvested and evaluated for grain yield, P concentration in leaves and in the soil. After the soybean crop, it was turn for the corn sowing, which harvest occurred 76 days after sowing. The shoot dry matter and P concentrations in leaves were evaluated. The Index of Agronomic Efficiency was calculated for both crops. We concluded that the TSP caused a better soybean grain yield, when compared to the ARP. In the corn crop succeeding the soybean crop, the ARP tended to be similar to the TSP values in the attributes evaluated.