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dc.creatorCosta, Emanuel Arnoni-
dc.creatorHess, André Felipe-
dc.creatorFinger, César Augusto Guimarães-
dc.creatorSchons, Cristine Tagliapietra-
dc.creatorKlein, Danieli Regina-
dc.creatorBarbosa, Lorena Oliveira-
dc.creatorBorsoi, Geedre Adriano-
dc.creatorLiesenberg, Veraldo-
dc.creatorBispo, Polyanna da Conceição-
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-24T12:59:00Z-
dc.date.available2024-10-24T12:59:00Z-
dc.date.issued2022-08-13-
dc.identifier.citationCOSTA, Emanuel Arnoni; HESS, André Felipe; FINGER, César Augusto Guimarães; SCHONS, Cristine Tagliapietra; KLEIN, Danieli Regina; BARBOSA, Lorena Oliveira; BORSOI, Geedre Adriano; LIESENBERG, Veraldo; BISPO, Polyanna da Conceição. Enhancing height predictions of Brazilian pine for mixed, uneven-aged forests using artificial neural networks. *Forests*, Basel, v. 13, n. 8, p. 1284, 2022. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.3390/f13081284. Acesso em: [data de acesso].pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/f13081284pt_BR
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/59601-
dc.description.abstractArtificial intelligence (AI) seeks to simulate the human ability to reason, make decisions, and solve problems. Several AI methodologies have been introduced in forestry to reduce costs and increase accuracy in estimates. We evaluate the performance of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in estimating the heights of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Brazilian pine) trees. The trees are growing in Uneven-aged Mixed Forests (UMF) in southern Brazil and are under different levels of competition. The dataset was divided into training and validation sets. Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) networks were trained under different Data Normalization (DN) procedures, Neurons in the Hidden Layer (NHL), and Activation Functions (AF). The continuous input variables were diameter at breast height (DBH) and height at the base of the crown (HCB). As a categorical input variable, we consider the sociological position of the trees (dominant–SP1 = 1; codominant–SP2 = 2; and dominated–SP3 = 3), and the continuous output variable was the height (h). In the hidden layer, the number of neurons varied from 3 to 9. Results show that there is no influence of DN in the ANN accuracy. However, the increase in NHL above a certain level caused the model’s over-fitting. In this regard, around 6 neurons stood out, combined with logistic sigmoid AF in the intermediate layer and identity AF in the output layer. Considering the best selected network, the following values of statistical criteria were obtained for the training dataset (R2 = 0.84; RMSE = 1.36 m, and MAPE = 6.29) and for the validation dataset (R2 = 0.80; RMSE = 1.49 m, and MAPE = 6.53). The possibility of using categorical and numerical variables in the same modeling has been motivating the use of AI techniques in different forestry applications. The ANN presented generalization and consistency regarding biological realism. Therefore, we recommend caution when determining DN, amount of NHL, and using AF during modeling. We argue that such techniques show great potential for forest management procedures and are suggested in other similar environments.pt_BR
dc.languagept_BRpt_BR
dc.publisherMDPIpt_BR
dc.rightsacesso abertopt_BR
dc.rightsAttribution 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/*
dc.sourceForestspt_BR
dc.subjectRedes neurais artificiaispt_BR
dc.subjectManejo florestalpt_BR
dc.subjectAraucáriapt_BR
dc.subjectModelagem alométricapt_BR
dc.subjectAltura das árvorespt_BR
dc.subjectArtificial neural networkspt_BR
dc.subjectForest managementpt_BR
dc.subjectAllometric modelingpt_BR
dc.subjectTree heightpt_BR
dc.titleEnhancing height predictions of Brazilian pine for mixed, uneven-aged forests using artificial neural networkspt_BR
dc.typeArtigopt_BR
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