Aditivos zootécnicos e tecnológicos melhoram o desempenho de suínos em crescimento

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of using different performance-enhancing additives and emulsifiers on the performance, feeding behavior kinetics and antioxidant status of pigs in the growing phase. A total of 84 pigs (42 castrated males and 42 females; genetics TN70® * Talent®) were used and distributed among 6 treatments: T1 (negative control), T2 (monolaurin), T3 (mono and tributyrin), T4 (tributyrin, magnolia extract and emulsifier), T5 (lysozyme), T6 (positive control). A randomized block experimental design was used, with body weight, litter origin and sex as the main variables. There were 14 replicates and each pig was considered the experimental unit. Individual feeding behavior was recorded throughout the experimental period using an Automated Intelligent Feeder (AIF; GESTAL EVO® Individual Pig Performance Testing - Jyga Technology, Canada). The data were subjected to normality tests (SAS Inst., Inc, Cary, NC; version 9.2). The effects of additives, repetition and sex were included in the statistical model and their influences tested. Probability values ≤ 0.10 and > 0.05 were considered trends, while P ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. The means were compared using the Tukey and SNK tests to better visualize the results. Treatments T3 and T4 had the highest values (p = 0.005) for intermediate live weight (105 days old). The best values of volumetric catalase activity (CAT) were observed in the pigs from T3 and T4, as well as a lower production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was also lower in T3 and T4. With regard to feeding behavior, it was possible to observe that T5 was the treatment with the highest (p < 0.0001) number of visits to the feeding stations. Treatment T2 had the longest (p < 0.0001) total visit duration. Also for this parameter, T4 was the same as T2 and T5, T5 was the same as T4 and T6; T6 was the same as T5 and T3 and T3 was the same as T6 and T1. For average visit duration and consumption per visit, T3 and T4 had the highest values (p < 0.0001), but they did not differ statistically from each other. Consumption per minute was highest (p < 0.0001) in T3 and T1; followed by T2 and T6, which also did not differ. T5 was statistically equal to T6 and T4. T4 showed the lowest value for this parameter. It can be concluded from this work that the use of performance-enhancing additives can improve performance, especially the higher intermediate and final live weight of pigs, mainly through the mono and tributyrin present in treatments T3 and T4, resulting in better antioxidant status.