Resgatando “as coisas do céu”: uma prática decolonial de astronomia e cosmologia sob a perspectiva das cosmovisões dos povos originários na formação continuada de docentes

Abstract

There is one thing in common between the various human peoples and the beginnings of their socio-cultural organizations: in all of them, the "things in the sky" have guided everything from spiritual/religious aspects to ethics and morality. In other words, there has always been a deep relationship between human beings and the sky and the earth and, as a result, astronomical and cosmological knowledge has played a fundamental role in the constitution of different human cultures. This has also been the case in the construction of Western society; however, social and scientific "evolution" has fragmented this relationship, hindering the approach to this knowledge both in science teaching and in teaching itself. In addition, teachers who teach about the topics covered by the areas of Astronomy and Cosmology do not see them during their initial training, thus affecting how this knowledge reaches students in Basic Education. In view of this, the following question arises: how can we help these teachers and, at the same time, rescue the human-earth relationship that has been lost throughout Western history? The option chosen for this research was to bring about the re- humanization of the sky through the cosmovisions of native peoples during the teaching of astronomy and cosmology, seeking to counter the fragmentary hegemonic movement of Western society through decoloniality and decolonial and intercultural education. In view of this, the aim of this work was to offer a mini-course for current teachers and/or those undergoing initial training on the subjects raised here. Through the participants' answers to questionnaires, we critically discussed the effects of Western "evolution" on the teaching of astronomy and cosmology, on teacher training and on the diverse worldviews of native peoples. In the end, the mini-course proved to be effective in its purpose, since the participants demonstrated critical reflection in their speeches. Most importantly, this work has become an important ally in the struggle for the existence and resistance of indigenous peoples.