Efeito de índices técnicos e gerenciais na rentabilidade da atividade leiteira com diferentes tipos de mão de obra

Abstract

The effect of some technical and management indexes on economic efficiency was studied in 20 demonstration units (UD), with different types of labour, participants in the «Balde Cheio» program, in Rio de Janeiro State from January to December 2011. The analysis was based on gross margin, liquid margin, net result (profit or loss), rentability and profitability. Data analysis made use of SPSS 18.0 software. Multiple linear regression incorporating the stepwise method, was used to identify the technical and management indexes most influential in profitability and rentability. The indexes cows were found to differ among the types of labour and influenced the economic efficiency. The family labour stratum gave the highest percentages of lactating cows/all cows, cows/all animals in the herd, lactating cows/all animals, greatest daily productivity per animal and per hectare-year, but this was not enough to obtain profit. The mixed labour stratum resulted in the highest number of lactating cows/ha and the lowest total labour input, and although it showed a positive net margin, the net result was negative. The contracted labour stratum yielded the best ratios of herd animals to labour and milk production, in addition to being the only one to achieve both positive liquid margin and positive net result.