Evasão escolar no ensino médio técnico profissionalizante concomitante e subsequente: análise da produção científica brasileira (2010 – 2020)

Abstract

The phenomenon of school dropout has been faced by several educational institutions over time, both in basic education and in higher education. Given its complexity, truancy can be understood as the attitude of the student who decides to abandon the course in which he is enrolled, failing to attend classes, due to the student's failure causing demotivation to continue his studies, the exclusion of the student from the system of education and school failure that are linked to the most popular social classes. Scholars point out that it is not an easy task to identify and classify school dropout, given the indeterminacy of its concept, the methodologies used for its study and the absence of a definitive and comprehensive concept for the phenomenon. However, school dropout is a serious and present problem in the education scenario. According to the Nilo Peçanha Platform - PNP, in 2018 the dropout rate was 22.4% for technical courses in general and 9.3% for high school. Therefore, this study is justified by the fact that school dropout is considered a serious problem that affects vocational education schools and the lives of many students who interrupt their studies either for individual, institutional or social reasons. In this sense, the research has as main objectives, to analyze the phenomenon of school dropout in concomitant and subsequent vocational technical high school and to point out what are the main causes of this dropout. As specific objectives, the research aims to map the production of knowledge about school dropout in vocational technical high school published in different sources, such as scientific articles, theses and dissertations; to point out ways to prevent and combat dropout and propose a discussion on the topic in workshops or weeks of continuing education with the academic community on the problems that cause school dropout. The methodology adopted in the research has a bibliographic character, with a qualitative approach and with an exploratory objective, which was developed in two stages: in the first stage, the Theoretical Framework was elaborated to support the research and in the second stage, a Bibliographic Review was carried out. The research results show that the factors that cause school dropout are mainly the

difficulty of reconciling work with studies, the difficulty of learning, difficult subjects, non- identification with technical courses, family problems, distance from school and difficulties in

paying for transport, problems in relationships with teachers, the option for a higher education course, early maternity and paternity or starting a family. Based on the results of the study, a discussion on the researched topic was proposed as an Educational Product through workshops or training weeks that will be offered to the entire academic community of which I am a part in order to reflect on the causes of school dropout and on forms of prevention.