Energia maremotriz: impactos ambientais e viabilidade econômica no Brasil

Abstract

Was performed a literature search of the source of energy, its use by man over the centuries, the current prevalence of the use of fossil energy sources and the need for modification of this energy matrix, replacing at least some of these non-renewable sources by others considered "green." The research deepened in tidal energy, studying the origin of this source and its forms of generation, namely, by sea currents, waves and tides. It was found that the source of this energy is in the relative positions of the Earth, the Sun and especially the Moon, generating forces of attraction that can attract, beyond the oceans, continents and atmosphere too, including changing their shapes according with the lunar phases. We surveyed major projects worldwide that use tidal power to generate electricity, and experimental design Brazilian Port Pecém in Ceará state, seeking to conclude about the actual and potential impacts on the environment of each projects. Finally, it was researched on the economic viability of projects using this technology for deployment in Brazil. Considering the small number of projects already implemented, the lack of economic data of these projects, the great diversity of techniques used by them, and that the tidal potential of the Brazilian coast is around 19 kW per meter of wave front, below the world average, it was concluded that economic feasibility in Brazil can only be verified by analyzing all the features of the project and where they want to deploy it, and even then, hypothetically.