Ação empreendedora: abordagem compreensiva e evidências da interação família-escola e do Plano Nacional de Educação

Abstract

In this study, the focus was on the transition from entrepreneurship centered on the individual to entrepreneurship as an entrepreneurial action and the locus in the application of the public environment, especially in the context of education. In this perspective, this dissertation was prepared in the form of articles. To address the proposed theme, two problem questions were created: How is the definition of entrepreneurial action worked in the literature? Can school management, the National Education Plan (PNE) and family-school interaction be understood by the entrepreneurial action theory? Three articles were prepared to answer these questions. The first is a scope review on entrepreneurial action, carried out on the Web of Science, with the purpose of understanding how the concept of entrepreneurial action has been treated in international and national articles. In the methodology, the scope review was used, through the five stages proposed by Arksey and O'Malley, and a flowchart was presented with the steps developed, in the choice of review articles, in addition to the analysis of the journals used and methodological classification. of the included articles. In the results, it was possible to understand the conceptualization of the entrepreneurial action, and a proposal for its definition was created, based on the established analysis categories: opportunity, institutional logic, entrepreneur behavior, uncertainty, exploration of opportunities, creation of value, advantage competitive and entrepreneurial process and the study of selected articles. The second article consisted of a work that sought to understand school management and the PNE, through the theory of entrepreneurial action, in which a theoretical model proposal was developed to analyze this theme. In the methodology, qualitative, descriptive and exploratory approaches were used. Data collection was performed using secondary data. To theoretically explain the phenomenon, 10 categories of analysis related to school management were created: decentralization of teaching, innovation in teaching, participatory, democratic, partnership, autonomy, collectivity, creativity, opportunity and transformation, which were compiled in model format theoretical. Entrepreneurial action would, from this perspective, result from the interactions of the categories. It was found that it is possible to understand school management and the PNE from the perspective of the theory of entrepreneurial action. The third article is a theoretical-empirical research that presents the application of entrepreneurial action, in the municipal public sector, specifically, in the family-school interaction. The research has a qualitative and explanatory approach and was carried out through the study of multiple cases. In addition, data triangulation was used, in which the data collection instruments consisted of interviews, focus groups and secondary data analysis. Data analysis was content analysis. The results were confirmed, in the analysis of the family-school interaction, through the proposed model and demonstrated that it is an entrepreneurial action, which manages to bring family members closer to the school environment. As a future research agenda, new studies related to entrepreneurial action are suggested by analyzing the conceptualization of entrepreneurial action in other data platforms to understand how it has been treated and the use of the proposed theoretical model in other educational institutions.