Compostos orgânicos voláteis de annonamuricatano controle de Meloidogyne incognita

Abstract

In order to mitigate the negative effects of current nematicides, it is important to use alternatives for the management of phytomatomatoids. Compounds selected by plants with prospects for developing new products, with less toxicity to man and the environment. In the present study, we investigated the biofumigation of soil with maceration of Annona muricata (graviola) leaf against unknown Meloidogyne and the effect of its volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on the different phases of the nematode life cycle. The macerate of the gravity sheet shows the nematicidal activity against the second stage (J2) of M. incognita. In the biofumigation process, even with the lowest concentration of macerate (1.0%), reduction in hatching, infectivity and nematode reproduction. Through gas chromatography analysis coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 40 molecules emitted by macerates were identified, of which three (sabinene, karyophylene oxide and 4-ethylbenzaldehyde) were selected for evaluation studies against nematodes. Only 4-ethylbenzaldehyde had nematicidal activity, with a lethal concentration (CL 50) of 35 μg / mL. The exposure of J2 is this concentration resulting in a reduction of up to 93% in infection and up to 96% in reproduction. When J2 was exposed to a CL95 (88 μg / mL) it was not observed. In an in vitro test, 4-ethylbenzaldehyde at a concentration of 150 μg / mL reduces the outbreak of J2 of M., with similar values (P <0.05) and commercial nematicide Nimitz at a concentration of 200 μg / mL. When 4-ethylbenzaldehyde was applied to the soil, with a concentration of 1000 μg / mL, or the effect was similar (P <0.05) to Nimitz (250 μg / mL). Therefore, a potential demonstrative molecule for the development of nematicidal companies, with low toxicity in the environment and high efficiency in the control of phytomatomatoids.