Função de resposta da alface americana aos níveis de água e adubação nitrogenada

Abstract

The main objective of this experiment carried out from September to December/2004, under greenhouse at the Federal University of Lavras, in Minas Gerais, was to study the effect of water and nitrogen applications rates, and the interaction between these factors on both the yieldand economics of crisphead lettuce. A 4 x 4 factorial experimental design with randomized blocks and three replications was used. Treatments were determined by combinations of four water depths (W1=91.99; W2=142.79; W3=186.34; W4=237.14 mm) and four nitrogen levels (N0=0; N1=80; N2=160; N3=320 kg ha-1). Crisphead lettuce (cv. raider) was grown under daily irrigations applications computed based on the evaporation measured on a reduced pan (EVm). Treatments W1,, W2, W3 e W4, corresponded to, respectively, 0.35EVm, 0.70EVm, 1.0EVm, and 1.35EVm. A 0.30 m x 0.30 m plant spacing was observed and irrigation water was applied trough a drip irrigation system with 1.6 L h1 emitters spaced 0.30 m apart. Under the cost scenario considered, water at R$ 0.44 mm-1, nitrogen at R$ 2.09 kg-1 and crisphead lettuce at R$ 0.80 kg-1, the maxim profit, and the maxim economical productivity, estimated at 26,960 kg ha-1 , was achieved with the application of 205 mm of water and 257 kg ha-1 of nitrogen. The maxim physical productivity (27,004 kg ha-1) would be achieved by applying 20,803 mm of water and 290.5 kg ha-1 of nitrogen. The smaller average value of crisphead lettuce commercial yield (13,814 kg ha-1) was achieved with the application of the lowest water depth (91.99 mm) which was smaller than the yield achieved by the treatment with 0 kg ha-1 of nitrogen (19,944 kg ha-1).