Emprego de multilinhas na cultura da soja

Abstract

The genetic structure of the populations influence the magnitude of the Genotype-Environment interaction. One strategy that has being used is multilines, in other words, a mixture of genotypes with populational homeostasis and more stability than the pure line. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the agronomic performance between soybean inbred lines per se and in the multiline, as well as to evaluate and compare the phenotypic stability of the genotypes. The experiments were carried out during the crop season of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 in the Minas Gerais State, using a randomized complete blocks design. There were evaluated eight commercial cultivars and the mixture of them, in six environments, considering the combination of sites and crop season. By the harvesting, there were evaluated: the grain yield (bag.ha-1), lodging score, plants height (cm) and 1st pod insertion (cm). In the crop season of 2015/2016 were also evaluated oil and protein grains contents. The Genotype-Environment interaction study was evaluated by the ecovalence. The cultivar V-Top RR had the higher yield; however, its average did not differ from the average of the multiline, statistically. On the other hand, the cultivar V-Top RR was one of the ones with higher to Genotype-Environment interaction contribution. Whereas the multiline was the most stable. Considering other evaluated traits, the average of the inbred lines did not differ from the multiline’s average. In view of the results, it can be concluded the mixture of inbred lines proved to be an efficient strategy to increase the phenotypic stability in soybean crops.