A implementação do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais: desenvolvimento sustentável por meio das aquisições da agricultura familiar

Abstract

The National School Feeding Program (PNAE) is one of the largest and most extensive public policies in the world for guaranteeing the human right to adequate and healthy food, benefiting, in 2015, over 41 million students with financial clearance for the acquisition of food in the order of 3.75 billion Reais. It presents the support to sustainable development as directive, with incentives to the acquisition of various food genres, produced by family farming. Thus, this research seeks to demonstrate the complications found in the implementation of this policy, considering many factors the executing entities find when seeking to achieve and meet the directives and objectives of the program, especially at the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS), target of this study. The theme proposed for this study aimed at identifying the factors that interfere in the implementation of the PNAE at the IFSULDEMINAS, during the period from 2014 to 2016, from the perspective of internal actors at this executing entity. Mapping the actions developed in order to mitigate a few of the obstacles found was also proposed. To reach the established objectives, the methodological process of this research was developed by means of qualitative paradigms, using document research, document analysis and focus group. In this context, the studies show that institutional support, capacitation and compromise of the actors are facilitating factors that allow and promote the implementation of the studies program in the institution. The largest obstacles were the lack of knowledge of the school community and managers regarding the legislation that governs the program and its directives, the lack of knowledge regarding the reality of local family farming, important for the process of insuring food safety, the absence of a nutritionist responsible for the feeding, the outsourcing of school restaurants due to the difficulty of conciliating the inclusion of items acquired by the institutions to the menu, the extensionit actions that support family agriculture and others that discourage family farmers, such as issues regarding delays in payment, bureaucratic issues with difficult servicing by suppliers and tax collection. It was possible to demonstrate, by means of the experiences of the IFSULDEMINAS, that, despite many factors still interfering in the implementation of the PNAE at the institution, a few actions have been highlighted, at a national level, as beyond the execution of the program. In addition, such actions promote the PNAE at a municipal, state and federal levels, articulating the program’s actions with the education, research and extension triad of the entity.