Elaboração e desenvolvimento de uma unidade didática sobre os conceitos de transmissão de calor e radiação do corpo negro

Abstract

We developed a didactic unit proposing an approach to blackbody radiation to start studying Modern Physics. The didactic unit addresses the problem within classical physics themes, using and discussing several teaching methods, such as experiments, popular science texts and teamwork. We seek to answer the following question: considering the relation between content, commonknowledge and science development, do these methodological approaches contribute significantly to the debate and construction of ideas related to paradigms between Classical Physics and Modern Physics? We used the Theory of Historical-Cultural learning from Vygotsky and the Theory of Development Education from Davydov as theoretical framework for all activities. We answer such question by promoting situations that go beyond content memorization required for Brazilian universities’ admission exams. We take students out of passive roles, making them protagonists of the developed activities. We promote activities to present the research processes and procedures used by scientists at the time, in order for the student to understand the scientists’ processes when designing the various physical theories. We expect the students to perceive science development within a social, cultural and economic context. We developed the activities during ten classes of fifty minutes with second year high school students. We used Bardin Content Analysis techniques to analyze the responses to allow teachers to understand how the students answered each activity. These analyses suggest different ways teachers can use this material to improve their activities. The educational product is available in the following link http://lite.dex.ufla.br/moodle/dat/view.php?d=56&rid=194to teachers interested in using it or getting to know it.