Mudanças temporais associadas ao espectro de dispersão e a guildas de regeneração em uma comunidade arbórea de Mata Atlântica

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the structural changes in a tree community of semideciduous forest, located on Fazenda Lagoa, city of Coqueiral, Minas Gerais, during the period of 10 years (2003-2013) to monitor and detect patterns associated with ecological groups of succession, as well as for the community dispersal spectrum. To this end, this work sought to answer the following questions: (1) Are there patterns in the structural changes of the tree community over time? (2) Are there patterns in the temporal structural changes of specific successional groups (pioneer and non-pioneer)? (3) Are there patterns for structural changes in the dispersal spectrum (zoochory, autochory and anemochory) community? Ecological studies in the area began in 2003, through the phytosociological survey of the tree community, with the allocation of 25 permanent plots of 20 × 20 m over five transects totaling a sample of 1 hectare. The living individual trees with circumference at breast height (CBH) greater than or equal to 15.70 cm received numbered labels of aluminum and were measured in circumference. In 2008 and 2013 the monitoring inventories occurred, where survivor individuals were measured, the dead were recorded and recruiters were incorporated. Temporal structural changes were analyzed by obtaining dynamic rates on the abundance of individuals and basal area for the community as a whole as well as for groups of regeneration guilds and dispersal spectrum. The community presented instability during the monitoring period, characterized by the prevalence of mortality and gain of basal area in the first interval, followed by mortality and loss of basal area in the second interval, possibly due to the presence of bamboos in the area. Based on the pattern of charges made by pioneer species, in response to the poor quality of the habitat, there has been a minor difficulty in establishing compared to non-pioneer species. With regard to community dispersal spectrum there was a lack of a pattern for the dynamic basal area of groups in order that the ecological traits of dispersion are associated only with the successful arrival of the groups in the area, and not in their establishment . Anemochoric dynamic did not show a clear pattern, however, a clear pattern demonstrates a reduction in the recruitment of zoochoric species. It is necessary to develop new studies to support the understanding of some patterns found, for example, high mortality of autochorous species throughout the monitoring period.